Agricultural activities are risky activities. In these activities, various natural, social AND economic risks have created fragile AND vulnerable situation for producers. Price risk in agricultural products has caused financial problems for many producers AND farmers. To deal with these price risks AND price fluctuations, there are varieties of tools. This paper focused on futures markets instruments as risk management tools for date's price risks management. This study used monthly futures prices of DATES AND used mean-variance framework to determine the optimal hedge ratio with OLS method. Due to the conditional variances autocorrelated in residuals in regression MODELS, time varying hedge ratios with Bivariate GARCH MODELS were determined. Bivariate GARCH model was used in this study to determine hedge ratios. Therefore, first, time varying conditional variance covariance matrix with using multivariate MODELS based on heterogeneous variance BEKK (1, 1) was estimated. Then, using the results of this matrix, the optimal time varing hedge ratios was calculated. DATES future price series were predicted using artificial neural networks pattern AND the GARCH model. The results of hedge performance showed that time varying hedge ratios were eliminated more price risk than the OLS method. The results showed that the average hedge ratios of Bivariate GARCH model is 0.7, meaning that about 70% of the date's price risk could be reduced with sales in the futures market.

Automatic topic detection seems unavoidable in social media analysis due to big text data which their users generate. Clustering-based methods are one of the most important AND up-to-date categories in topic detection. The goal of this research is to have a wide study on this category. Therefore, this paper aims to study the main components of clustering-based-topic-detection, which are embedding methods, distance metrics, AND clustering algorithms. Transfer learning AND consequently pretrained language MODELS AND word embeddings have been considered in recent years. Regarding the importance of embedding methods, the efficiency of five new embedding methods, from earlier to recent ones, are compared in this paper. To conduct our study, two commonly used distance metrics, in addition to five important clustering algorithms in the field of topic detection, are implemented by the authors. As COVID-19 has turned into a hot trending topic on social networks in recent years, a dataset including one-month tweets collected with COVID-19-related hashtags is used for this study. More than 7500 experiments are performed to determine tunable parameters. Then all combinations of embedding methods, distance metrics AND clustering algorithms (50 combinations) are evaluated using Silhouette metric. Results show that T5 strongly outperforms other embedding methods, cosine distance is weakly better than other distance metrics, AND DBSCAN is superior to other clustering algorithms.

Evaluating the cutting rate (CR) of stones is important in the cost estimation AND the planning of the stone processing plants. This research used regression MODELS to estimate the stones’ CR based on their physico-mechanical characteristics. Stone processing factories in Mahallat City (Markazi province, Iran) were visited, AND the CR of diamond circular saws was recorded on six different travertine stones. Next, the stone block samples were collected from the quarries for laboratory tests. Stones’ porosity (n), uniaxial compressive strength (UCS), AND Schmidt hammer hardness (SH) were determined in the laboratory as their physico-mechanical characteristics. Correlation relationships of CR with physico-mechanical characteristics were evaluated using simple AND multiple regression analyses, AND estimator MODELS were developed. Results showed that multiple regression MODELS are more reliable than simple regression for estimating the stones’ CR. The validity of the developed multiple regression MODELS was verified with the published data of one researcher. The findings indicated that these MODELS are accurate enough for estimating the CR of stones. Consequently, the multiple regression MODELS provide practical advantages for estimating the CR AND save time AND cost during the planning AND design of the stone processing factories.

Lactation length is different in individual cows, which is generally converted to a 305-day stANDard using curve fitting MODELS for genetic AND management practices. Individual curves do not have a stANDard shape in all cases, AND can deviate from the stANDard pattern according to factors such as individual differences, AND type of fitted MODELS. These non-stANDard curves, called atypical, resulted from incorrect estimated parameters of the curves; which consist of: continuously increasing or decreasing AND reversed stANDards. This study was conducted to investigate the importance of atypical curves in estimation of 305-day milk production, by fitting two nonlinear MODELS? Wood (empirical) AND Pollott (biological), on 7659 AND 6692 test-day milk yield of 977 AND 776 first calving Iranian Simmental AND Jersey cows, during 2007-2020, using R software. Different patterns obtained based on the combination of increasing (b) AND decreasing (c) phase parameters of curves. The number of stANDard curves from the Pollott AND Wood MODELS were 85.5% AND 62.2% for Simmental, AND 83.1% AND 70.6% for Jersey cows, respectively. Only continuously increasing curves were observed in both breeds in Pollott model (14.8% AND 16.9%, Simmental AND Jersey cows, respectively); Whereas in Wood model, all 3 groups of atypical curves were observed, which the reversed stANDard was the most (22.3% AND 16.5%, Simmental AND Jersey cows, respectively). Based on the findings, at the time of stANDardizing the production of dairy cows (national evaluations), not only differences between breeds, but also special attention to the production of atypical curves, should be paid (to correct or discard them).

Progressive collapse studies generally assess the performance of the structure under gravity AND blast loads, while earthquakes may also lead to the progressive collapse of a damaged structure. In this study, the progressive collapse response of concentrically braced dual systems with steel moment-resisting frames was assessed under seismic loads through pushover analysis using triangular AND uniform lateral load patterns. Two different bracing types (X AND inverted V braces) were considered, AND their performances were compared under different lateral load patterns using the nonlinear static alternate path method recommended in the Unified Facilities Criteria (UFC) guideline. Eventually, the seismic progressive collapse resistance of MODELS was compared to their progressive collapse response under gravity loads. These studies showed that MODELS under the seismic progressive collapse loads satisfied UFC acceptance criteria AND limited rehabilitation objective. The structures had better performance under seismic progressive collapse than MODELS under gravity loads because of more resistance, ductility, suitable load redistribution, AND more structural elements that participated in load redistribution. Furthermore, despite studies on progressive collapse under gravity loads, the dual system with X braces showed better progressive collapse performance (more resistance, residual reserve strength ratio AND ductility) under seismic loads than the model with inverted V braces.

The communities of the Kura- Araxes cultural complex with their highly distinctive cultural AND economic features represent the occupation of some parts of the Near East AND Caucasia during the Bronze Age.  Generally, the origin of this culture is sought in the Southern Caucasus. In Iran, the spread of this cultural tradition represents not only a rupture in the cultural development of the Mesopotamian traditions. Environmental changes linked to Rapid Climate Change (RCC) also forced the population to develop new economic strategies. Until about two decades ago, knowledge of the flourishing Kura Araxes occupation was limited to the north-west of the country AND to some parts of the Central Zagros, but recent research in the zones south AND north of the Alborz Mountain Range, on the northern edge of the Central Plateau allows by now to present a more detailed picture of the Kura Araxes occupation in both diachronic AND synchronic perspective. Recent archaeological excavations in the two sites of Qaleh Tepe AND Ali Yourd Tepe revealed some important new data from Kura-Araxes settlements in the corridor of the north Central Plateau AND northwestern Iran. The two sites are located in the eastern Zanjan Province in the Abhar Rood Basin. This paper aims to update the chronology of the Kura-Araxes culture based on the radiocarbon DATES from the two sites of Qaleh Tepe AND Ali Yourd Tepe. The stratigraphy AND radiocarbon DATES of the two sites reveal the beginning of the Kura-Araxes culture in the region from c. 2900 BCE, followed by a quick extension into the northern Central Plateau, where it is represented by sites such as Shizar, Doranabad, Ostur, AND Barlekin. Similarity AND diversity characterize the Kura-Araxes cultural complex.  However, based on the current data, the ceramic style represents a common feature, but also the architectural remains indicate a common cultural tradition during the first quarter of the third millennium BCE in the Central Zagros, northwestern Iran, AND on the Central Plateau

This study aimed to estimate the genetic parameters of body weight traits in Markhoz goats, using B-spline rANDom regression MODELS. The data used in this study included 19549 records collected during 29 years (1992-2021) in Markhoz goat Breeding Research Station, located in SanANDaj, Iran. The model used to analyze data included fixed effects (year of birth, sex, type of birth AND age of dam) AND rANDom effects including direct additive genetic, maternal additive genetic, permanent environmental AND maternal permanent environmental assuming homogeneous AND heterogeneous residual variance during the time. Akaike (BIC) AND Bayesian (BIC) information criteria were used to compare the MODELS AND bspq.4.4.4.4 was selected as the best model. The direct heritability values for birth, 3-month, 6-month, 9-month AND 12-month weights were estimated to be 0.14, 0.16, 0.08, 0.28 AND 0.26, respectively. Genetic correlation between body weights at birth AND 3-month, birth AND 6-month, birth AND 9-month, birth AND 12-month, 3-month AND 6-month, 3-month AND 9-month, 3-month AND 12-month, 6-months AND 9-month AND 9-month AND 12-month were 0.22, 0.38, 0.21, 0.56, -0.26, 0.30, 0.62, 0.86 AND 0.77, respectively. The highest phenotypic correlation was between the weight of 9-month AND 12-month (0.82) AND the lowest correlation was between birth weight AND 3-month AND 6-month (0.12). The results showed that the 9-month weight is a good criterion for selection in Markhoz goats.

Due to having spring AND autumn genotypes AND adaptation to weather conditions, rapeseed is considered as a point hope to provide edible oil of country. Two separate experiments were set up as split-plot in a RCBD design with three replications in two fall AND winter seasons during two years (2014-2015 AND 2015-2016) at the research field of Seed AND Plant Improvement Institute to investigate the effect of sowing season AND date on the quantitative AND qualitative yields of rapeseed genotypes in Karaj, Iran. In this study, the main plots were sowing DATES (7, 17, AND 27 October in fall sowing AND 9 AND 19 February, AND 1 March in winter sowings) AND sub-plots consisted of genotypes (RGS003, Dalgan, Zabol10, Hyola401, AND Hyola4815). Rapeseed genotypes grain AND oil yields were 4330 AND 1840 kg ha-1 in fall sowing, respectively, while these traits were decreased 43.3 AND 46.6% respectively, when rapeseed genotypes were planted in winter season. The highest grain AND oil yields (5033 AND 2202 kg ha-1) belonged to 7 October sowing date in fall sowing, while 9 February had the highest grain AND oil yields (2996 AND 1248 kg ha-1) in winter sowing. In general, the Dalgan genotype is recommended for cultivation due to suitable agronomic traits such as number of silique per plant, number of grain per silique, silique length, 1000-grain weight, as well as high grain AND oil yields in cold temperate regions with arid AND semi-arid climates such as Karaj, Iran.

Probability density functions of the involved rANDom variables are essential for the reliability-based design of offshore structures. The objective of present research was the derivation of probability density function (PDF) for the local joint flexibility (LJF) factor, fLJF, in two-planar tubular DK-joints commonly found in jacket-type offshore structures. A total of 162 finite element (FE) analyses were carried out on 81 FE MODELS of DK-joints subjected to two types of axial loading. Generated FE MODELS were validated using available experimental data, FE results, AND design formulas. Based on the results of parametric FE study, a sample database was prepared for the fLJF values AND density histograms were generated for respective samples based on the Freedman-Diaconis rule. Nine theoretical PDFs were fitted to the developed histograms AND the maximum likelihood (ML) method was applied to evaluate the parameters of fitted PDFs. In each case, the Kolmogorov-Smirnov AND chi-squared tests were used to evaluate the goodness of fit. Finally, the Inverse Gaussian model was proposed as the governing probability distribution function for the fLJF. After substituting the values of estimated parameters, two fully defined PDFs were presented for the fLJF in tubular DK-joints subjected to two types of axial loading.